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More info about Buddha, Buddism,
Borobudor Hindu in Bali Java Indonesia
Borobudur, a name deriving from an expression meaning 'Mountain of accumulation
of merits of the ten states of Bodhisattva' is commonly thought of as a Buddhist
structure, yet its initial construction was planned and conducted by Hindu
builders sometime around 775AD. The enormous first and second terraces were
completed by a declining Hindu dynasty, construction was then halted for some
years, and later, from 790 to 835 AD, the Buddhist Sailendra dynasty continued
and finally completed the great stupa. The huge stone mass might have then
been permanently abandoned, for it was difficult to adapt to the needs of
Buddhism. However, leaving in evidence such an obvious manifestation of Hinduism
was probably not deemed politically correct and thus the unfinished Shiva
temple was transformed into the world's largest Buddhist stupa. After 832
AD the Hindu dynasty of Sanjaya began to reunify central Java and soon reappropriated
the Buddhist monuments built by the Sailendra.
Although the Sanjaya were themselves Hindu, they ruled over a Buddhist majority and thus, while some Hindu modifications and ornamentations were done on Borobudur, the stupa remained a place of Buddhist use. During the 10th and 11th centuries there was a transfer of power from central Java to the east, and the great stupa fell into decline. For centuries the site lay forgotten, buried under layers of volcanic ash and jungle growth. In 1815 Europeans cleared the site, in the early 1900's the Dutch began its restoration, and a US$21 million project begun in 1973 completed the work.
The Borobodur Temple complex is one of the greatest monuments in the world. It is of uncertain age, but thought to have been built between the end of the seventh and beginning of the eighth century A.D. For about a century and a half it was the spiritual centre of Buddhism in Java, then it was lost until its rediscovery in the eighteenth century. The structure, composed of 55,000 square meters of lava-rock is erected on a hill in the form of a stepped-pyramid of six rectangular storeys, three circular terraces and a central stupa forming the summit. The whole structure is in the form of a lotus, the sacred flower of Buddha.
For each direction there are ninety-two Dhyani Buddha statues and 1,460 relief scenes. The lowest level has 160 reliefs depicting cause and effect; the middle level contains various stories of the Buddha's life from the Jataka Tales; the highest level has no reliefs or decorations whatsoever but has a balcony, square in shape with round walls: a circle without beginning or end. Here is the place of the ninety-two Vajrasattvas or Dhyani Buddhas tucked into small stupas. Each of these statues has a mudra (hand gesture) indicating one of the five directions: east, with the mudra of calling the earth to witness; south, with the hand position of blessing; west, with the gesture of meditation; north, the mudra of fearlessness; and the centre with the gesture of teaching.
Besides being the highest symbol of Buddhism, the Borobodur stupa is also a replica of the universe. It symbolises the micro-cosmos, which is divided into three levels, in which man's world of desire is influenced by negative impulses; the middle level, the world in which man has control of his negative impulses and uses his positive impulses; the highest level, in which the world of man is no longer bounded by physical and worldly ancient desire. It is devotional practice to circumambulate around the galleries and terraces always turning to the left and keeping the edifice to the right while either chanting or meditating. In total, Borobodur represents the ten levels of a Bodhisattva's life which he or she must develop to become a Buddha or an awakened one.
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Email to info@Balifurnish.Com for pricing or call (62 81) 7973 1022. Balifurnish owned by CV MAYA, Indonesian arts and crafts export company. Manufacturer company for batik sarongs fashion accessories, bali handicrafts and garden teak root furniture located in Bali and Yogya. We're able to source any Indonesian handicrafts. Home accents and garden decorations made in Indonesia. We're wholesaler. Minimum order US$ 1000/shipment. Price exclude shipping. Buyer pays freight. We're constantly looking for partners worldwide to market our products, info about our Bali handicrafts company. Please visit our Arts and Crafts Store in Bali Indonesia to view our home accents and garden decor products.